{"id":2299,"date":"2021-05-23T11:33:36","date_gmt":"2021-05-23T09:33:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/j\/?page_id=2299"},"modified":"2021-05-23T11:33:36","modified_gmt":"2021-05-23T09:33:36","slug":"%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ac%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%85%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/reda.archipress.org\/?p=2299","title":{"rendered":"\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0646\u064a\u0643
\n\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627
\n(SoufienChinig@gmail.com<\/a>)\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0“\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648(\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644
\n(HD \/ PNUD 2016)<\/p>\n

R\u00e9da Benkirane, \u00ab\u00a0Coronavirus, couronnement des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s s\u00e9curitaires\u00a0\u00bb, Politis<\/em>, 12 juin 2020 : https:\/\/www.politis.fr\/articles\/2020\/06\/coronavirus-couronnement-des-societes-securitaires-42024\/<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 “\u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f-19” (Covid-19) \u0647\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u2013 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b 11 \u0634\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0631 2001 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 2011-2019 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2008 \u062b\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 2011. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637<\/b>\u064e<\/b>\u0646\u0629<\/b>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0633 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646 “Covid-19” \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0641\u0651\u0650\u0632 \u0623\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a<\/b> \u00a0(AIDS) \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0632\u0627 \u0625\u062a\u0634 1 \u0625\u06461 (H1N1)\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u062c\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648-\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0642\u0650\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 “Covid-19″\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0642 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a “\u062d\u0631\u0628” \u0636\u062f\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0642\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629” \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a. \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621\u064b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u064a\u064e\u0642\u0644\u0650\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f “\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a” \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 – \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0627 \u2013 \u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0636\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 “\u0642\u0628\u0636\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629” \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0641\u064c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0638\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0643\u0648 \u0641\u064a “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628” (1975) \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0637\u0629” (les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s disciplinaires<\/em>)\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a” \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0625\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0648\u0646. \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646” \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u062c\u0646. \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0642\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (architecture panoptique<\/span><\/i>)\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u064f\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0643 \u0628\u064f\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f. \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0632 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1987 \u0639\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 “\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629” (les <\/em>soci\u00e9t\u00e9s de contr\u00f4le<\/em>)\u060c \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631” \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0623\u0646 “\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631”\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064f “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629” (les <\/em>soci\u00e9t\u00e9s s\u00e9curitaires<\/em>) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0636\u062d\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u062d\u0650\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0643\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0634\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e.). \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0623\u064a \u062b\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0640 “\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628”\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u064e\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f. \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621\u064d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u061b \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 (Big Data) \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 (Big Pharma) \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064d \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0645\u064e\u062c\u064d \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b. \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 1\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 90\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 (\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 2020 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0645 “Oxfam”).<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u00a0\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062c \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0647\u0645 \u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 “\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629” \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0648\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a” (1762)\u060c \u00a0\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643: “\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639”.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 (SoufienChinig@gmail.com)\u00a0 \u00a0“\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648(\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 (HD \/ PNUD 2016) R\u00e9da Benkirane, \u00ab\u00a0Coronavirus, couronnement des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s s\u00e9curitaires\u00a0\u00bb, Politis, 12 juin 2020 : https:\/\/www.politis.fr\/articles\/2020\/06\/coronavirus-couronnement-des-societes-securitaires-42024\/  … Lire plus \/ Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2299","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/reda.archipress.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2299","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/reda.archipress.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/reda.archipress.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reda.archipress.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reda.archipress.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2299"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/reda.archipress.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2299\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/reda.archipress.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2299"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reda.archipress.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2299"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reda.archipress.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2299"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}